Isifundo 23: Iziphawulo kanye nemishwana yesiphawulo ngesiJalimane

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Isimo, imibala, imilo, izinombolo, ukuhleleka, indawo, njll yezimpahla. Amagama achaza izakhiwo abizwa ngokuthi izichasiselo.
Izimpendulo zandulela amabizo futhi zisetshenziswa ngamabizo.

omkhulu ensimini eside izihlahla ze-poplar…
Izihlahla zePoplar engadini…

Ingane idlala ebaleni lokudlala enhle Izingane ezandleni zabo obomvu Balloons ...
Izingane ezidlala ebaleni lokudlala, zinamabhaluni ezandleni…

abasha indoda, asebekhulile indoda yanikeza indawo ebhasini…
Indoda yamnika isikhala ebhasini…

Amagama abhalwe ngesibindi emagameni angenhla asesiphakamiso esisodwa.Sifatlarını isigwebo sibona ukunciphisa kwencazelo yomusho. Ngokuyinhloko, lo musho awunakuqondakala uma sisusa izichasiselo ezivela emshweni wokugcina.
Uma sihlenga kabusha isimo sezinto, imibala yabo, imilo yabo, izinombolo zabo, i-oda yabo, izindawo zabo, njll. Amagama achaza izici abizwe ngokuthi izichasiso. Isibonelo, amagama afana nokubomvu, amakhulu, amancane, amadala, amadala, amasha, amahle, izimpendulo ezimbi.
(Ngolimi lwesiTurkey lawa magama awazona izichasiso uma esetshenziswa yedwa, angamabizo nje kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma esetshenziswe nebizo elifana nelithi “ipeni elibomvu”, azuza izichasiso, lapho “ipeni elibomvu” liba Uma la magama esetshenziswa phambi kwesenzo, lezi zibizwa ngokuthi izandiso.)

NgesiJalimane, amagama afana ne-jung (young), grün (green), gut (good) yizichasiso.
Isigwebo singasetshenziswa sodwa, uma sifaneleka njengemvilophu yangempela futhi.
Kodwa-ke, inani lezichasiso ezisetshenziswe zodwa ngale ndlela ngesiJalimane lincane kakhulu.
Iningi lezichasiso lidinga igama eceleni kwaso, futhi umsebenzi oyinhloko wesiphawulo ukufanisa noma iyiphi into. Ngakho-ke, kungakufanelekela ngokwengeziwe ukubona igama elibomvu njengesiphawulo kumagama athi “red balloon ansa kunokuba sıf red tek yedwa.

Ezinye zezichasiso ezisetshenziswe kakhulu ngesiJalimane yilezi:

intamo: kuhle
schlecht: kubi
hässlich: kubi
schön: mnandi
Grün: green (futhi yonke imibala izichasiselo)
i-jung: intsha
ngezansi: ubudala
kungcolile
gesund: enempilo
isikhala: isiguli
i-tief: ephansi
Ihogi: phezulu
i-fleissig: ukusebenza kanzima
klein: encane
I-neu: entsha
ngezansi: endala
klug: smart
i-sauber: ihlanzekile
lang: eside.
.
.

Akukho ulwazi oluningi olungahlinzeka mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezichasiselo yedwa. Inkinga esemqoka esizoyihlola lapha yizichazamagama ezikhona lapho izichasiselo zisetshenziswa khona kakhulu.

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Isichasiso esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, igama elilodwa noma ngaphezulu, umbala, ifomethi, inombolo nokunye. ngokwegama leli gama libizwa ngokuthi isigatshana sesi-adjective.
Isibonelo, ibhaluni elibomvu, u-green tie, iprosesa esheshayo, insizwa, umuthi omude we-poplar, njengombhalo isichazamagama somusho.
Ngenkathi kuseTurkey, imishwana yesichasiso yakhiwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwesiphawulo kanye nesabizo, iphethini ejwayelekile elandelayo isetshenziselwa imisho yesichasiso ngesiJalimane:

Njengoba kuboniswe kuphethini elingenhla, izichasiselo ziphakathi kwe-artikel nesobuningi.
Njengoba kunezinhlobo ezithile zezindatshana ezinjengokucaciswa, okungapheli, okungaqondakali kahle ngesiJalimane, izichasiso nazo ziyavumelana nendatshana.
kumele athathe izichasiselo ezihlukene ngokulandela isihloko ngasinye nezichasiso.
kungaba okungalungile ukusho.
Izimpendulo ezithathwe izichasiso, izihloko, ukuthi igama lingamunye noma ngobuningi, igama lihluka ngokusho kombuso.

UKUQONDA IMITHETHO NGAMABHODA NGE-ARTİKELİ DER - DİE - DAS

I-ARTİKEL + ADJ + E-EFFEZA YENZEKILE UKUHLELA + NAME

I-Adjective: i-rot: Ebomvu
Igama: das Buch: Incwadi
Imisho: das rote Buch (Incwadi Ebomvu)

I-Adjective: klein: encane
Igama: kufa BLume: Flower
Ukuphawula: i-kleine Blume (i-Little flower)

Njengoba kuboniswe kulezi zibonelo, i-der-die-das kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezisebenzisayo, sinezela kwisiphakamiso -e.
Izibonelo ezingezansi zazingamagama angamunye, manje ake sibheke amagama amaningi.
Njengoba wazi, i-artikeli yokufa isetshenziswe ngamagama amaningi.
Lesi sikhathi sizosebenzisa i-tag, hhayi i-tag, ngaphezu kwesichasiselo -kuthegi.

I-Adjective: i-rot: Ebomvu
Igama: i-Bücher ifa: Amabhuku
Amagama: afeza i-Bücher (Izincwadi ezibomvu)

I-Adjective: klein: encane
Igama: i-BLumen ifa: Izimbali
Inkulumo: die kleinen Blumen (Izimbali ezincane)

I-ARTIKELİ EIN - INDLELA YOKUZIPHATHA KAKHULU NGAMANAMES

Njengoba sazi, i-athikili engapheli ye-der and das yi-ein, futhi indeterminate ye-die athikili yi-eine.
Ngakho uma kufanele wenze isitatimende ngendaba:

I-EIN + NON-SEX NAMES (DAS) i-ADJA ES EHLANGILE IZIQEPHE + NAME

U-EINE + WAMAgama OBULILI BESIFAZANE (FELA) FAKA I-JEWELRY EKULUNGISELELENI + IGAMA

Kubalulekile ukuba ngekhanda lo mthetho ongenhla njengabanye.

Ukuqondisa: Okuphansi: Okukhulile
Igama lokuqala: der Mann: Adam
Ukuphendulela: ukushintsha uMann (Indoda endala)

I-Adjective: i-rot: Ebomvu
Igama: das Buch: Incwadi
Imisho: ku-rotes Buch (Incwadi ebomvu)

Njengoba ungase ukhumbule, i-ein kanye ne-artikels ayizange isetshenziswe ngobuningi.
Ngakho-ke, umthetho unganikwa amagama amaningi:

UKWENZISWA KWEJEHOVA KWAKHE KWENZEKA + NAME

Ukuqondisa: Okuphansi: Okukhulile
Igama lokuqala: der Mann: Adam
Ukuphendula: alte Männer (Amadoda amadala)

I-Adjective: i-rot: Ebomvu
Igama: das Buch: Incwadi
Imisho: rote Bücher (Izincwadi ezibomvu)

Sinike izibonelo zezichasiso ezisetshenziswa ngamagama angasenhla ngenhla.
Zonke izibonelo zazinamagama alula.
Esifundweni esilandelayo, sizohlola izilinganiso ezongeziwe kwizichasiselo kwezinye izinhlobo zegama.
Futhi, izichasiso ngokusho kwebizo lesiJalimane; Izichasiso ezisetshenziswe kwifomu -I zihlukaniswe zaba zintathu, izichasiso ezisetshenziswe kwifomu u -E, nezichasiso ezisetshenziswe ku - ifomu. Sizokufaka ezihlokweni ezilandelayo.

Sifisela wena impumelelo.

Kusho uNursi