ISIQONDISO KANYE NOKUKHANYA KWESIQINISO

Ngokwencazelo eyenziwe yi-World Health Organisation, udlame olubhekiswe kunoma yimuphi umuntu, iqembu noma umphakathi ngaphandle kwamandla noma igunya noma yimuphi umuntu onalo futhi elingadala ukulimala, ngokwengqondo noma ukulimala engxenyeni ethintekile kuye ngomphumela wesimo. Kushiwo izimo ezingahle zidale noma zidale ukulimala emzimbeni noma ukufa. Isisho sodlame sihlelwe ngaphansi kwezihloko ezi-4: udlame lomzimba, udlame lwengqondo, udlame lwezomnotho, nodlame lwezocansi.

Izimbangela zodlame; Kususelwa ezicini eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kwezici ze-psychobiological ezithinta umuntu ngokujwayelekile, izinto zangaphandle ezithinta umuntu nazo ziyasebenza. Phakathi kwezizathu ezingenhla, enye yezinto zokuqala eza engqondweni yizinto eziphilayo. Ukuthambekela kobudlova nesimo sengqondo esinolaka ngokuvamile kuhlotshaniswa nohlelo lwe-limbic, ama-lobes angaphambili nawesikhashana. Udlame luvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlangana phakathi kwezici zengqondo ezithinta umuntu nendawo yangaphandle. Izimo ezibucayi noma zokubanjwa kwempahla ezenzeka ezinhlakeni zohlelo lwe-limbic nazo zingadala isimo sokuhlukumezeka. Futhi, ushintsho lwamahomoni oluzokwenzeka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, okuphakathi kwezici zebhayoloji, lungasebenza ekwandeni kwesimo esinolaka kwabesifazane. Ngokufanayo, ukuphuza utshwala kubangela ukwehla kwesahlulelo kanye nokuvimbela izilawuli zokuphuthuma kweminye imisebenzi yobuchopho, kwandise ukuthambekela ebudloveni. Kunezici ezingokwengqondo, esinye isici esidala ukuthambekela kodlame. Izici ezingokwengqondo zihlukaniswe kabili njengezinto zokuthuthuka nezemvelo. Kungenzeka ukuthi izingane ezibonile noma ezivezwe ubudlova ngesikhathi sokukhula komuntu zaba ngumuntu othambekele ebudloveni lapho sezikhulile. Ukuhlala ezindaweni eziminyene futhi ezimatasatasa kwandisa ukuthambekela ebudloveni, okungenye yezimo ezihola phambili ezidala izici zemvelo kumuntu ngamunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ezifana nesimo sezulu nazo ziyayiqala. Izici zezomnotho phakathi kwezimbangela zodlame yisici sobumpofu kanye nezinkinga ezenzeka emshadweni, ngokungafani nobuhlanga nokungalingani kwezomnotho, kwandisa ukuthambekela kodlame. Njengoba kubanga izinkinga nokuphazamiseka esakhiweni somndeni womuntu, kubuye kwandise ukwanda kokuthambekela kodlame ezinganeni ezikhulela ohlakeni olunjalo lomndeni. Ukuthambekela kodlame kungabonwa ngenxa yezinkinga ezinjengezifo ze-bipolar, ukuphazamiseka kwe-paranoid kanye ne-schizophrenia, okungezinye zezici zengqondo ezingesinye sezici zokuthambekela kobudlova. Lesi simo sodlame singabhekiswa kumuntu uqobo nasendaweni yakhe. Yize ukuthambekela kodlame kungekhona okwengqondo, ukuthambekela kodlame kungenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka okuhlukahlukene. Ukubheka ezinye izinto ezenza ukuthambekela kodlame, ngaphezu kwezinqubo zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, izehlakalo eziningi zezifo ezithinta uhlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, kukhona nokuthambekela ebudloveni kubantu abahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinjengokungasebenzi kahle kanye nokushoda kokunaka kumuntu omdala.

Izimo lapho isenzo sokuhlukumezeka senzeka khona; Kuyahluka kuye ngomuntu. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukwengeza lezi zimo. Lezi yizimo ezenzeka kubantu abashadile futhi zidale udlame lwasekhaya. Ukuqina kwangaphakathi nokwakheka kwengcindezi kuyabonakala ngenxa yezinguquko ezijulile ezenzekile empilweni yomuntu ngamunye. Kwenzeka ezimeni zengcindezi nentukuthelo ezenzeka kuye ngalezi zimo. Ukuthambekela kodlame nokuziphatha okunolaka nakho kungabonakala ezindaweni lapho kunabantu abaningi besilisa esikalini seminyaka eyi-16-25. Ngaphezu kwemicimbi kanye nabantu ababangela ukwanda kokuqina kwengqondo, izimo zodlame zingavela ezimeni zosongo noma ingcindezi kanye nezimo lapho ukuphepha kwempilo yomuntu kusengozini khona.

Ukuvimbela udlame; Izici ezakha udlame kufanele zikhonjwe kuqala. Njengoba izakhi ezakha udlame zisuselwa kwizisekelo zebhayoloji, zenhlalo nezengqondo, kubalulekile ukuthola lezi zinto ukuze kuvikeleke udlame. Izifundo zingenziwa ukuvimba udlame luhambisane nezinto ezinqunywe ngokusekelwe kulezi zinto.