TANZIMAT FERMANI

Umqondo weTanzaniaimat 3 Novemba ubhekisela enkathini eqala ngesimemezelo sesimemezelo ku-1839 futhi sifinyelela kwi-1879. Uma kuthathwa njengomqondo, uveza ushintsho nokuhlelwa okwenziwe emkhakheni wezepolitiki, wokuphatha, ezomnotho kanye nezenhlalo;
Isimemezelo esamenyezelwa ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaSultan Abdülmecid saziwa ngokuthi iGülhane-i Hattı Humayun.
Izizathu Zokuphikisana
Ukwazi ukuthola ukwesekelwa ngabase-Europe mayelana ne-Egypt kanye ne-Straits kanye nokuxhasa amazwe ase-Europe; ukungenelela komphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho isifiso sokudala ingqalasizinda yedemokhrasi ngesinye sezizathu esidale ukumenyezelwa kwesimemezelo. Bekuhloswe ngalo ukukhulisa ukuthembeka kwabangewona amaSulumane embusweni futhi kunciphise nomthelela wobuzwe obuqhamuka neFrance Revolution.
Izakhiwo zikaFirman
Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala ebheke kumthethosisekelo nasekuguqukelweni kuhulumeni wentando yeningi. Kuveza ukubuswa komthetho ngokungeziwe ekunciphiseni amandla weSultan. Umphakathi awunandima ekuthini kulungiselelwe lesi sinqumo.
Izinto zesimemezelo
Okokuqala, ukulingana ngaphambi kwawo wonke umuntu kanye nokubuswa komthetho kwagcizelelwa. Ngesiqiniseko sokuthi akekho umuntu ongabulawa ngaphandle kokuqulwa kwecala futhi ngokungafanele futhi alalele imithetho enqunywe ekuqasheni amasosha, izinqubo zenqubo yokubulala abantu kumele zenziwe ngokuya ngemithetho. Ezokuphepha zizoqinisekiswa ngaphezu kwabantu ngokulingana, impilo, impahla nodumo. Amanani entela anqunywa ngokuya ngenzuzo, futhi wonke umuntu unelungelo lokuba nempahla noma athengise ngayo impahla noma ayithathe njengefa.
Okuqukethwe isimemezelo
Cishe umbhalo onamakhasi amathathu. Embhalweni, kugcizelelwa ukuthi umbuso usesikhathini sokwehla kepha kepha le nqubo izonqotshwa nezinguquko nemithetho okumele yenziwe. Kwagcizelelwa ukuthi imiholo yezisebenzi zikahulumeni izoba ngemisipha kanti nokufumbathisa kuzovinjwa. Ugqugquzelwe isimemezelo Samalungelo Abantu nawezakhamizi ekuvukeleni KwaseFrance. Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni womthetho wase-Ottoman, umqondo wokuba yisakhamuzi kanye nezingqinamba okufanele zenziwe ukuze kuvikelwe amalungelo avela ekubeni yisakhamuzi kuchaziwe.
Noma kuyisinyathelo sokuqala ekubhekaneni nomthetho, isinyathelo sokuqala ekuqondisweni komthethosisekelo.
Imiphumela yesinqumo
Ngenkathi umthetho wamukelwa, lo sultan wawanqinda amandla akhe ngokuthanda kwakhe. Ngenkathi isiqalo sokumiswa komthethosisekelo samukelwa eMbusweni wase-Ottoman, inkululeko yomuntu siqu yandiswa. Amasu ahlukahlukene kanye nezinguquko ziye zenziwa emkhakheni wezomthetho, wokuphatha, owezempi, wezemfundo namasiko.
Uma udinga ukubheka imigomo esekelwe kulo umgomo; impilo nokuvikeleka kwempahla, amalungelo okutholwa kwempahla namafa, imigomo yokuba yisakhamuzi, ukuqulwa kwecala, ukukhokhwa kwentela ngokuya ngengeniso, umsebenzi wezempi kanye nobude benkonzo yezempi, ukulingana ngaphambi komthetho, umthetho wokuvikela, ukuphepha kombuso kanye nezinqubomgomo eziyisisekelo zobugebengu zitholakala.